“Blniehy. Josepha, w‘en I ’old do umé one can my arm, an ’e learn for call me mum”. 1’“ be not so Ion'eom'." But. oh, me, w'en de- dny strife. I know she'll never curry com ecu ’3: am, an 'e'll new it call ’6: madden I 'car 'cr say to me ecu de weak value: “Jthu. good Josephe, bring my baby by me. I mm: for ace dc dear fiulefaoc. ” Dru I t’luk my ’ean Inak’. I’mysonly do do: tor, dc doctor from do vflluzlu:, go Inside 33, en do we: ees ecn ’e'n eyv. for 'e tell '61- very zhcntll do: do life he gonn out from det little baby. After dat she remember nodding for many day. W'cn ’cr sense com’ to ’er once more, she say: “.loer'phe, I cannot hear cc: long. I go, I mus’ go wld my baby." Don I kiss ’cr face an tell ’er, “Oh, you be Lemur. you be better soon,” an I leave ’cr vml do women dot com’ from de vil- lnzhc for wk‘ care of ’cr. Nex' day. w‘cn I com’ by dc 'ouse an put my 'nud on dc door. somding mak’ we furl cold an shukc. Au w’o-n I walk ccn she cry not, “Jo- sephc. gllutl .Tosnphc," for she lie w'lte an still on dc bed, an I know she cos wid 'er baby. But I go not by do bed, for ’er 'usban stun dare \v’itc uu stlll as ees 'de dead WOHNII]. llc man, Tom, sit ecu kitzhen, an ’e cry like do child. but ’c all me do story. Dc nurse woman slccp ccn dc night, on dc lamp burn low. W'cn she woke, she look on m- hd. un nodding lie dare, nod- ding Lint live ccs ccn dc rocm wid ’cr. Elli: Wukc cvcry one, on day scarab dc ’ousc, (Icy war-h (.‘c groun. At de lns’ dey fin dc footprint w dc lak', an een dat Wutt‘l‘ 5hr: llc deud. An I my avid mysev, ”God know dat all ’cr trouble, all ’cr lon’som’ness, de- stroy ’cr min, so she no longer un’erstun dist cet be :«in for who ’er life so she go by ’cr Luby. an I know ecu my ‘cart God ncvu' pumhh 'cr for dnt, bucos he un’cr- titan." Dun I make do prayer for ’er soul. 1 gr: cell (In room w’crc 'er 'usban scan, an I rcnu-mhnr (int '0 spoil ’er life, do life of d.;‘ .wnum I lofc, of (Int womun dut lie dead, on I cure not. cel my word be ’urd, eef my word he cruel. I wautfor ’uIt eem eef I can. ’b’ druw ecmsev back like do knife go t'rougl: cl'm an 1001-: ten my eye like ’0 sum il- l‘c mr let me pierce de ’cart of eem. But pmysonly 'e cry: “Splk on, spik w'nt you will. Sodding you say ’urt me more us do t’ing I any at myscv. I know at 1115’ w’ut she sulfur. I know at lus’ W’nt I ’uve done. lief I could bring ’er back, I give my life for make ’cr ’uppy. But, oh, my God. cct ecs too late, too late!" Den ‘c groan an 'ldc dc face 0611 do 'unds, on ”c say,. “Do punishment ees greutrl‘ dun I can benr.”—~\Jew York Tribune. EIGI‘IT HOUR PRIMER. The Fact. Theory and Argu- ment~Questlons to the Un— employed, Employed, The Capitalist, the Clergyman and the Observer~Ques— tion Clearly Defined. THE THEORY. How can I get what I want? There are so many methods presented in flower to this question, that many working pcuple as well as many of the labor problems become confused. I Would have you answer the question yourSeII in vour own language. caution- ing you against prejudice to any theory, but urging you to carefully examine the causes that have led to the present ad- vnncmi standard of wages in this country over the standard of other countries and of the advanced condition of labor in the IJI'OSK‘IIIv over thutuf the past century. That we may the more carefully think out Ihl< problem let us commence our in- Vestigalimls. starting with some accepted fact and I-rn ecd along historic and scientific lines. necessarily on account of space. uarrouing inquiry to within easy limib of time and space. FINL—It is an acknowledged fact that the great masses of mankind are poor. Suc.>nd-—Thnt in civilized countries the great mzuvcs of mankind perform useful. productive, and distributive service. Third—That the method of payment for the services of the majority of worker; is called the wages system. Fourth—That the amount of the wages paid is not in proportion to the quantity or quality of the services rendered. Fifth—That great. differences exist in the amount paid for services of equal amount. and value even in the same occupation. Sixth—That the amount pald for ser— vxces is not according to skill, or tanning or time expended. Seventh—That those who work at the most hazardous emplovments are not paid in proportion to disugreeableness or bwrd. bu: are paid 195 than those 111 the mos: pleasant-and healthful vocations. Eighth—That those who work upon the-must useful. beneficial and necessary products, do not receive as much as those employed in the production of wasteful, destructive and demoralizing things. Ninth—That those who work under the long-hour system get. much less than those who work under the short-hour svstem. THE VOICE, SATURDAY SEPTBIIBER IS 8)? I ed. and equally strung facts could be brought forward that. would point with equal elem-nae to the remedy. We must keep to the point and agree to a certain definition of words as used in this primer. By wage; we mean the amount re- ceived by the employees (not salaried per- sons) for their labor. By the wages system we mean that method by which the money is distribut— ed or paid to the wage worker. not the money distributed by the wage worker. Before we can answer the great question ‘ How can we get what we want, that is. more wages?” we must find the answer to the question. “Why does a man for the “one skill and amount of service in any given occupation receive more in one place than another?" or to put the same question in a form that answers itself “Why does a. wage worker recieve more where the cost of a. standard of living is high than. he does in a. place where the cost or standard is low?” Answer. "Because in one place the cast or standard is high and in the other it is low.” This is the great law. The standard of living effects wages. It is true that in some places and at times wages are advanced beyond the =farirlurd of living but such an advafucv. is necessarily brief in duration, and proves the rule by wages Soon falling to the standard of life, but if the standard of life reaches to the level of wages the wages remain fixed. Question. What effects the standard of life? Answer. As a. rule in all countries and in all times the demand for higher or more wages is consequent upon thc in- creased pressure upwards of new wants created. If a. man has learned to read and is surrounded by reading men he will want to read. and will demand such wages as will enable him to satisfy this want. If there was no such day as the Sabbath or rest day and all wage workers were employed the seven days of the week, not only would wages not be advanced but they would be reduced. because the present wants of Sunday would be lost. The six days system of labor furnishes not only the seven days food. but it creates wants that permeate all the days of the year through the associations of that day. either religious or social. the church or the trade union, the standard of living is raised. \Vagcs come to the level of Suuduv leisure and Sunday clothing. Every infringement of the great labor rest day. lowers the standard of dress of the community for where many do not dress better on that. day then on other days of the week many more will fall in~ to the same habit. and habits of poor dress bring other low habits, the Sabbath is a. reduction of the hours of labor, and like every other reduction of workingr time increases wages through the leveling up process of leisure. A reduction of two hours from the ten hour system will increase wages through the same influences. for two hours from work will mean two hours of association at. the home or in social enjoymeuts that ultimately lift the standard of thought and standard of living. It may he said that with truth: That hove! life. gives hovel wages ; Tenement house life gives tenement hon-:6 wages; Shabby clothes. gives shabby wages ; Good clothes. good eating, good homes means good wages; You cannot have the best, till you want the best. Men content with working ten hours a. day at manual labor will be content with low wages, because the excess of time de- voted to labor will unfit them for the mociarions and inspirations that. create new wants. In those occupations where the “ii-13;. hours per day are required, the wages of the men are so low that the wife, mother and child are forced to work to supply the necessities of life; such laborers are at the mercy of their employer‘S. the most difficult to organize; read the history of the factory operatives and you will see that it was not till after the adoption of the ten hour system that they could successfully organize. Having now discovered that wages fol- low the line of the increased, improved, and varied wants of a. people, we reach the important question, "What practical measure can beapplied to the existing wage system that will the most readily and permanently advance wages ?” To answer this we mus question the past: Question. Have the hours of labor been reduced during the past century ? Answer. Yes. Question. How much have they been reduced ? Answer. From sixteen to ten, and in some occupations from sixteen. to eight. Question Have wages been reduced with these successive reductions of work- Answer. Question. Answer. increased most where the been lessened most. Question. “'35 there ever time or place. where the hours of labor were gen~ emlly or permanently reduced where wages were not increased? Answer. No; each permanent re- duction has been followed by a. permanent increase of wages. Question. Has the purchasing power of a day’s work been increased during these years of the reduction of the Work— ing hours 2’ Answer. Yes. And if the hours of labor had been generally reduced. to eight twenty years ago, the nations or so-called panics would have been averted. Question. Has the moral. intellectual, and physical condition of the people been improved where the hours of labor have been reduced ? Answer. Yes. It. has proved true in this as in other damn. that "opportum ities given have been opportunities im- prove« .” and but for the rapid increese of cheap laborcm by immigration, wages would have more rapidly advanced. No. Have wages been increased? Yes and use rule wages have hours have This then is the practical method by which wages can be increased by acting directly on the habits of the people creating new wants and aspirations, re- ducing profits upon labor, lessening the price of commodities. and finally abolish- ing the wage system through higher wages. The practical measure, because all trade unions and labor societies are agreed upon this measure. and because it can be adopted without seriously imperiliug capital invested in legitimate enterprise, and becausea. general reduction of the hours of labor will furnish employment for the unemployed. (T0 en CONTINUED.) Labor Day. By EDWARD o’noxanL. Hush the wheels of industry throughout this broad, wide land, Nor let the factory whistle call to toil a. single band ; Fling pick and hammer, boys, aside—a. time there is for play— And even progress too must cease, least on Labor Day. at In former times ere human souls, inured to strife and strain. Conceived no other end in view save sneers and kicks and pain, A trembling, sk liking, sneaking horde of slavelings blocked the way, Excessive toil their heritage—they knew no Labor Day. But tyranny. not yet content, the more aggressive grew, 'Till e’en the crouching serf at length in- dignant ceased to sue: And casting from his weary limbs the bonds of former sway, The cadence of his manly trend is heard on Labor Day. At length he sees and feels his power, yet modest he controls The tempesc that with medinteut Within his bosom rolls; A giant, like a. giddy child, when granted leave to play, To music’s soothing melody he steps on Labor Day. But, masters. pause! This tinsel show some day will find an end, The pomp. and cotton’s rainbow hues. message doth intend, That those who toil must eat as well—no longer now they pray— A meaning deep and resonant vibrates on Labor Day. a In peace and calm MUST justice reign, proclaimeth every heart, But justice SHALL. though plunged in gore. its blessings yet impart, And other men, and other times, worshipping our clay \Yill bless the pioneers who plead their cause on Labor Day. Boston, Mass, August 6, 1897'. while The camel is a. beast of great strength and endurance. Nothing hurts it until the proverbial “last straW” is added to its burden. The human digestive system i: very much like a. camel. It is really astonishing how much abuse it- lel stand. Sometimes, however. something worse than usual will be eaten. and will go through the stomach into the bowels. and there it will stick—that’s constipation. nine-tenths of all human sickness is due to constipation. Some of the simplest symptoms are coated tongue and foul breath. dizziness, heartburn, flatulence. sallowneis, distress after eatino'. headaches and lassitude. A little thing will cause constipation, and a. little thing will re— lieve it. Dr. Pierce’s Pleasant Pellets are a certain cure for constipation. They are tiny, sugar-coated natural in their action. There is nothing injurious about them. Sold by druggists. Addrexs with 31 cents in one-cent. stamps. to cover cost of mailing only, World’s Dispensary Medical Association. Buffalo. N. Y.. and get a. free copy of the "People's Common Sense Medical Ad- industrial stag- , mes. mild and _ THE W tr = Subscribe = ———FOR—— ®®®®®®®®®®®®® “VOICE” 'Subscnpions 0n @®®@®@®®®@®®® Per Year. See us before placing your 3 ._..........,_.. . .....L We are prepared to do everything in Estimates on all kinds of printing are 3, Your organization wants letter heads, . 3 Give THE VOICE a chance to bid on all WAVE: can put the Union label on our that line. 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